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اسلاید 1 :
Cholera
Cholera is a diarrhoeal disease caused by Vibriocholerae, either type O1 or O139.
Both childre a d adults ca be i fected.
20% of those i fected develop acute, watery diarrhoea a d 10 – 20% of these i dividuals develop severe watery diarrhoea with vomiti g.
اسلاید 2 :
تعريف :
بيماري وبا يك اسهال حاد عفوني است كه عامل آنباسيل ويبريو كلرا است و اگزوتوكسين مترشحه از آن مسئول پيدايش علائم بيماري است .
اسلاید 3 :
Cholera
It is usually tra smitted through faecally co tami ated water or food.
I cubatio period is very short ( 2 hours to 5 days ) a d umber of cases ca rise extremely quickly, especially i over-populated commu ities a d refugee setti g.
Case fatality rate i u treated cases may reach 30 – 50% .
اسلاید 4 :
Cholera: historical perspectives
Joh S ow: ide tified co tami ated water as the
source of cholera spreadi g through Lo do i 1849.
Robert Koch: credited with ide tifyi g V. cholerae
duri g the fifth pa demic i 1883.
Filippo Paci i: was really the first to ide tify
the orga ism i Italy i 1854.
اسلاید 5 :
Vibrio cholera a d other Vibrios
Family: Vibrio aceae
Ge us: Vibrio
Gram- egative rods
Si gle polar flagellum
Rapid li ear motility
atural habitat: e viro me tal waters
اسلاید 6 :
Vibriocholerae
Structure is similar to the E terobactericeae
O a tige (cell surface lipopolysaccharide)
H a tige (flagellar a tige )
> 150 serotypes based o the O a tige
2 serotypes are associated with Cholera
O1 a d O139
اسلاید 7 :
Classificatio of Vibriocholerae O1
Three mai serotypes (based o somatic a tige s)
I aba
Ogawa
Hakojima
Two biotypes (based o phe otypic characteristics)
Classic
El Tor
اسلاید 8 :
o -O1 Vibriocholerae
May cause a ill ess similar to cholera.
Acquired from co tami ated water or seafood.
Do ot cause epidemics.
Of less public health importa ce.
اسلاید 9 :
Cli ical ma ifestatio s of cholera
Abrupt o set of diarrhea without strai , te esmus,
or cramps.
Spectrum of severity -- ra ges from asymptomatic
to a life-threate i g, dehydrati g diarrhea.
All symptoms relate to the loss of fluid i the diarrhea.
اسلاید 10 :
عوامل مولد اسهال های غیر التهابی (آنتروتوکسینی)
ویبریو کلرا(Vibriocholerae)
(E terotoxige icE.Coli)
(Clostridium Perfri ge s)
(Bacillus Cereus)
(Staphylococcus Aureus)
(Aeromo asHydrophila)
(Plesiomo asShigelloides)
( orwalk Like Viruses)
(Rotaviruses)
(E teric Ade oviruses)
(GiardiaLamblia)
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